Food is NOT crucial for which of the following?

Food plays a vital role in various biological processes, but it is not directly crucial for the removal of metabolic wastes. Metabolic waste removal primarily depends on the body's physiological systems, such as the excretory system (e.g., kidneys, liver) and not directly on the consumption of food.

Energy production, growth and development, and reproduction all rely on nutrients derived from food. Energy production occurs as the body metabolizes the macronutrients from food to fuel cellular processes. Growth and development require nutrients for building tissues and supporting bodily functions. Additionally, reproduction often demands energy and specific nutrients for successful mating, gestation, and nurturing offspring.

Thus, while food is essential for energy production, growth, development, and reproduction, the process of removing metabolic wastes operates independently of food intake.